abstract：:Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogenous population of vesicles originate from cells. EVs are found in different biofluids and carry different macromolecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, providing a snap shot of the parental cells at the time of release. EVs have the ability to transfer molec...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Momen-Heravi F,Getting SJ,Moschos SA

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurosteroids are neuroactive brain-born steroids. They can act through non-genomic and/or through genomic pathways. Genomic pathways are largely described for steroid hormones: the binding to nuclear receptors leads to transcription regulation. Pregnenolone, Dehydroepiandrosterone, their respective sulfate esters and...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Schverer M,Lanfumey L,Baulieu EE,Froger N,Villey I

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stroke and myocardial infarction are among the most common causes of mortality and disability in the world. The ischemic injury underlying these illnesses is complex, involving intricate interplays among many biological functions including energy metabolism, vascular regulation, hemodynamics, oxidative stress, inflamm...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Wang L,Ma Q

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer research has been focusing so far on genetic alterations in protein-coding genes. However, mounting evidence underlines the importance of epigenetic and post-transcriptional events in cancer progression and therapy resistance. Moreover, recent genome-wide studies show that disease-causing mutations and chromoso...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Leucci E

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although potent effects of psychoactive drugs on circadian rhythms were first described over 30 years ago, research into the reciprocal relationship between the reward system and the circadian system - and the impact of this relationship on addiction - has only become a focus in the last decade. Nonetheless, great pro...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Gulick D,Gamsby JJ

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arthritis is a chronic disease of joints. It is highly prevalent, particularly in the elderly, and is commonly associated with pain that interferes with quality of life. Because of its chronic nature, pharmacological approaches to pain relief and joint repair must be safe for long term use, a quality many current ther...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Wang A,Leong DJ,Cardoso L,Sun HB

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is a major public health issue around the world, yet there are currently no effective pharmacotherapies for the treatment of METH addiction. METH is a potent psychostimulant that increases extracellular dopamine levels by targeting the dopamine transporter (DAT) and alters neuronal activit...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Sambo DO,Lebowitz JJ,Khoshbouei H

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asthma is a chronic disorder characterized by persistent inflammation of the airways with mucosal infiltration of eosinophils, T lymphocytes, and mast cells, and release of proinflammatory cytokines and lipid mediators. The natural resolution of airway inflammation is now recognized as an active host response, with hi...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Barnig C,Frossard N,Levy BD

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroid hormone (TH) is essential for normal brain development and may also promote recovery and neuronal regeneration after brain injury. TH acts predominantly through the nuclear receptors, TH receptor alpha (THRA) and beta (THRB). Additional factors that impact TH action in the brain include metabolism, activation ...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Liu YY,Brent GA

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuropeptides are the largest class of intercellular signaling molecules, contributing to a wide variety of physiological processes. Neuropeptide receptors are therapeutic targets for a broad range of drugs, including medications to treat pain, addiction, sleep disorders, and nausea. In addition to >100 peptides with ...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Fricker LD,Devi LA

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear receptor family of transcription factor proteins mediates endocrine function and plays critical roles in the development, physiology and pharmacology. Malfunctioning nuclear receptors are associated with several disease states. The functional activity of nuclear receptors is regulated by small molecular ho...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Fernandez EJ

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several neurotropic cytokines relay their signaling through the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor. This 190kDa subunit couples with the 130kDa gp130 subunit to transduce intracellular signaling in neurons and oligodendrocytes that leads to expression of genes associated with neurosurvival. Moreover, activation of th...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Davis SM,Pennypacker KR

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the advances in tumor identification and treatment, cancer remains the primary driver of death around the world. Also, regular treatments for the disease are incapable of targeting particular cancer types at different stages since they are not specifically focused on harmful cells since they influence both sol...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Leite ML,da Cunha NB,Costa FF

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lungs have a complex structure composed of different cell types that form approximately 17 million airway branches of gas-delivering bronchioles connected to 500 million gas-exchanging alveoli. Airways and alveoli are lined by epithelial cells that display a low rate of turnover at steady-state, but can regenerate the...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Ahmed E,Sansac C,Assou S,Gras D,Petit A,Vachier I,Chanez P,De Vos J,Bourdin A

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Binge-eating disorder (BED) is the most prevalent eating disorder with estimates of 2-5% of the general adult population. Nonetheless, its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Furthermore, there exist few therapeutic options for its effective treatment. Here we review the current state of binge-eating neurobiology an...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Hutson PH,Balodis IM,Potenza MN

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanistic insights of cancer immunology have led to the development of immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICBT), which has elicited a remarkable clinical response in some cancer patients. Increasing evidence suggests that activation of oncogenic pathways, such as RAS/RAF/MAPK and PI3K signaling, impairs the antitum...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Zhao X,Subramanian S

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Purinergic signaling, mediated mainly by G protein-coupled P2Y receptors (P2YRs), is now attracting attention as a new therapeutic target for preventing or treating cardiovascular diseases. Observations using mice with genetically modified P2YRs and/or treated with a pharmacological P2YR inhibitor have helped us under...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Nishimura A,Sunggip C,Oda S,Numaga-Tomita T,Tsuda M,Nishida M

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The organized, tightly regulated signaling relays engaged by the cannabinoid receptors (CBs) and their ligands, G proteins and other effectors, together constitute the endocannabinoid system (ECS). This system governs many biological functions including cell proliferation, regulation of ion transport and neuronal mess...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Badal S,Smith KN,Rajnarayanan R

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by pathophysiological factors including airflow limitation, hyperinflation and reduced gas exchange. Treatment consists of lifestyle changes, lung rehabilitation and pharmacological therapies such as long acting beta-2-agonists (L...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： van Geffen WH,Kerstjens HAM,Slebos DJ

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In addition to their prominent roles in the control of reproduction, estrogens are important modulators of energy balance, as evident in conditions of deficiency of estrogens, which are characterized by increased feeding and decreased energy expenditure, leading to obesity. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a ubi...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： López M,Tena-Sempere M

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Considering both cancer's serious impact on public health and the side effects of cancer treatments, strategies towards targeted cancer therapy have lately gained considerable interest. Employment of gold nanoparticles (GNPs), in combination with ionizing and non-ionizing radiations, has been shown to improve the effe...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Dimitriou NM,Tsekenis G,Balanikas EC,Pavlopoulou A,Mitsiogianni M,Mantso T,Pashos G,Boudouvis AG,Lykakis IN,Tsigaridas G,Panayiotidis MI,Yannopapas V,Georgakilas AG

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Statins are effective drugs to reduce cardiovascular events secondary to dyslipidemia; however, they cause frequent undesirable side effects. The incidence of statin-induced myotoxicity (SIM) is presented by 7 to 29% of patients, depending upon the report. SIM may develop in presence of abnormally high concentrations ...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： du Souich P,Roederer G,Dufour R

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) family includes TRKA, TRKB, and TRKC proteins, which are encoded by NTRK1, NTRK2 and NTRK3 genes, respectively. Binding of neurotrophins to TRK proteins induces receptor dimerization, phosphorylation, and activation of the downstream signaling cascades via PI3K, RAS/MAPK/ERK, and ...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Khotskaya YB,Holla VR,Farago AF,Mills Shaw KR,Meric-Bernstam F,Hong DS

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrovascular complications of diabetes, including diabetic cardiovascular disease (CVD), occur through a number of hyperglycaemia-induced mechanisms that include generation of oxidative stress, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and activation of protein kinase C (PKC). Cardiac oxidative stress is ...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Faria A,Persaud SJ

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pericytes and other perivascular stem cells are of growing interest in orthopedics and tissue engineering. Long regarded as simple regulators of angiogenesis and blood pressure, pericytes are now recognized to have MSC (mesenchymal stem cell) characteristics, including multipotentiality, self-renewal, immunoregulatory...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： James AW,Hindle P,Murray IR,West CC,Tawonsawatruk T,Shen J,Asatrian G,Zhang X,Nguyen V,Simpson AH,Ting K,Péault B,Soo C

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During physiological development and after a stressor event, vascular cells communicate with each other to evoke new vessel formation-a process known as angiogenesis. This communication occurs via direct contact and via paracrine release of proteins and nucleic acids, both in a free form or encapsulated into micro-ves...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Caporali A,Martello A,Miscianinov V,Maselli D,Vono R,Spinetti G

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review focuses on microRNAs (miRs) in cardiac surgery, where they are emerging as potential targets for therapeutic intervention as well as novel clinical biomarkers. Identification of the up/down-regulation of specific miRs in defined groups of cardiac surgery patients can lead to the development of novel strate...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Biglino G,Caputo M,Rajakaruna C,Angelini G,van Rooij E,Emanueli C

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A common feature of chronic respiratory disease is the progressive decline in lung function. The decline can be indolent, or it can be accelerated by acute exacerbations, whereby the patient experiences a pronounced worsening of disease symptoms. Moreover, acute exacerbations may also be a marker of insufficient disea...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Murray LA,Grainge C,Wark PA,Knight DA

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ever-growing global burden of congestive heart failure (CHF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as well as their co-existence necessitate that anti-diabetic pharmacotherapy will modulate the cardiovascular risk inherent to T2DM while complying with the accompanying restrictions imposed by CHF. The thiazolidinedio...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Goltsman I,Khoury EE,Winaver J,Abassi Z

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relationship between inflammation and cancer is now well-established and represents a paradigm that our immune response does not necessarily serves solely to protect us from infections and cancer. Many specific mechanisms that link chronic inflammation to cancer promotion and metastasis have been uncovered in the rece...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Atretkhany KN,Drutskaya MS,Nedospasov SA,Grivennikov SI,Kuprash DV

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Matricellular proteins (MCPs) are the non-structural extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins with various regulatory functions. MCPs are critical regulators of ECM homeostasis and are often found dysregulated in various malignancies. They interact with various proteins like ECM structural proteins, integrins, growth facto...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Thakur R,Mishra DP

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly metastatic disease with a high mortality rate. Genetic and biochemical studies have shown that RAS signaling mediated by KRAS plays a pivotal role in disease initiation, progression and drug resistance. RAS signaling affects several cellular processes in PDAC, includ...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Mann KM,Ying H,Juan J,Jenkins NA,Copeland NG

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:QT interval prolongation, corrected for heart rate (QTc), either spontaneous or drug-induced, is associated with an increased risk of torsades de pointes and sudden death. Women have longer QTc than men and are at higher risk of torsades de pointes, particularly during post-partum and the follicular phase. Men with pe...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Salem JE,Alexandre J,Bachelot A,Funck-Brentano C

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The past three decades have witnessed a welcome expansion of the therapeutic armamentarium for the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, against this backdrop, there have been some notable disappointments in drug development. Here we use these as case studies to emphasize the importance of info...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Lythgoe MP,Rhodes CJ,Ghataorhe P,Attard M,Wharton J,Wilkins MR

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear transport proteins, importins and exportins (karyopherin-β proteins), may play an important role in cancer by transporting key mediators of oncogenesis across the nuclear membrane in cancer cells. During nucleocytoplasmic transport of tumor suppressor proteins and cell cycle regulators during the processin...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Mahipal A,Malafa M

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), which involves a combination of low-intensity ultrasound and chemotherapeutic agents called sonosensitizers, has been developed for its promising, distinct advantages, such as its noninvasive nature relative to traditional surgery and radiotherapy, greater accessibility to treat deeply locat...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Pang X,Xu C,Jiang Y,Xiao Q,Leung AW

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myocarditis is a heterogeneous group of disorders defined by inflammation of the heart muscle. The primary clinical manifestations of myocarditis are heart failure and sudden death in children and young adults. Numerous interventions have been investigated for the treatment of myocarditis, including broad spectrum alt...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Jensen LD,Marchant DJ

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are various receptor tyrosine kinase (TK)-targeted drugs that are currently used in the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Among them, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) TK inhibitors (TKIs) are the most extensively studied. Receptor TKIs including EGFR TKIs have shown dramat...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Kuwano M,Sonoda K,Murakami Y,Watari K,Ono M

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primaquine is the only antimalarial drug available to clinicians for the treatment of relapsing forms of malaria. Primaquine development and usage dates back to the 1940s and has been administered to millions of individuals to treat and eliminate malaria infections. Primaquine therapy is not without disadvantages, how...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Marcsisin SR,Reichard G,Pybus BS

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemoresistant metastatic relapse of minimal residual disease plays a significant role for poor prognosis of cancer. Growing evidence supports a critical role of cancer stem cell (CSC) behind the mechanisms for this deadly disease. This review briefly introduces the basics of the conventional chemotherapies, updates t...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Zhao J

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00